William j



(No Model.) v W. J. O'NEAL'.

STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES. No. 268,429. Patented 1360.5; 1882..

I ESL IIJVEJTU-K UNIT D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

.WILLIAM'J. ONEAL, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOSEPH C. BOONE, OF SAME PLACE.

STEAM-BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 268,429, dated December 5, 1882.

Application filed April 21, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM J. ONEAL, of Cincinnati, county of Hamilton, State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boiler and other Furnaces, of

which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a means to combine atmospheric oxygen with the highly-heated gaseous products of combustion in a steam-boiler or other furnace, and insure perfect combustion of said gases, thus effectinga great saving of fuel and preventing the formation of smoke. These objects I accomplish by the means illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a steam-boiler furnace provided with my improvements. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of the same, taken through line as w of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a top plan view ofa portion of my furnace with the boiler lifted out. Fig. 4=is a vertical longitudinal section of an ordinary cookin g-stove with my improvements attached.

Similarletters ofreferenceindicate like parts wherever they occur in the various views.

The outer walls of the furnace and the boiler are of ordinary construction. Resting upon the supporting-wall A is an arched tile, B, made of fire-clay or other refractory material. This conforms to the shape of the boiler and side walls of the furnace, forming a contracted throat through which the carbonaceous gases from the fire-chamber must pass. From the rear of the supporting-wall another tile, C, inclines backward, partially closing an airchamber, E, formed by the supporting-wall and the transverse wall D. The opening in upper part of the air-chamber is closed by a perforated plate or tile, F, which is pivoted to turn in the side walls, one of the pivots extending through the wall, and being provided with a hand-whee1,f, by which the plate may be tilted and shaken tofreeit from ashes, which is removed through the side door, G. Through this door G and an opening, H, through the supportin g-wall A airis admitted to the chamber E, but the air may be admitted through a series of openings in the supporting-wall A or by doors or valves upon each side of the furnace when its position will admit of sucharrangement. It is only necessary to the best results that the air be admitted at different parts of the chamber, so that its temperature may be equalized before passing through the tile or plate F to combine with the carbonaceous gases as they pass into the fluechamber.

Instead of the tile- B being supported upon the wall A which supports the grate-bars, it may be a descending arch or plate supported by the side walls above the wall A, the purpose of thetiles B and O and the transverse wall D being to break the volume of the gases just above perforated plate F to insure their combining with the atmospheric oxygen from chamber E and produce perfect combustion.

The proportions I have found to give the best results are, for a boiler of medium size, as follows: The distance between walls A and D, ten inches; distance from supporting-wall to center of arch in tile B, seven or eight inches; opening between tile 0 and wall D, one inch, and width of perforated plate, three inches. The top of wall D is about three inches below the boiler. Of course these proportions may be varied without departing from the princi ple of the invention.

I have found by experience that much less fuel is required in a furnace provided with my improvements to raise the necessary amount of steam than is required for the same duty in the ordinary furnace. When, therefore, I apply my improvements to a furnace that will raise sufficient steam without them, I find it best to shorten the grate-bars, thus contracting fire-chamber.

In Fig. 4I have shown how the general principleof my invention may be applied to an ordinarycooking-stove. In this,J represents the fuel-chamber; K, a perforated fire-back, of fire tile or metal back, set off from the oven-plate so as to leave an air-cham her, into which air is admitted from the outside through perforationsin the sides of the stove, as is now common. To the top of the stove I bolt or otherwise secure an angle-bar, L, between which and a metal strip, m, is secured by screws a strip, N, of asbestos or other refractory material. This strip N inclines from the top in the direction of the fire-back. On the top of the fire-back is another strip, 0. These stripsN and 0 extend entirely across the stove. The gases from the fuel in the fire-chamber will be deflected against the fire-back by strip N, and receiving a supply of oxygen through its perforations, their combustion will be promoted.

It would be an inferior modification of my boiler-furnace to omit the perforated plate F, and further contract the opening between tile 0 and wall D, so as to admit the air in front of wall 1) in a thin sheet instead of divided jets. Indeed, I find it beneficial sometimes, when the gases passing over the air-chamber are highly charged with carbon, to slightly tilt the plate F, so as to permit thin sheets of air to pass between its edges and the tile 0 and wall D.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a furnace of the character described, the combination, substantially as herein before -set forth, of a downwardly-projecting tile or plate forming a contracted throat at the rear of the fire-chamber, with an air-chamber located in rear of the grate-bar supporting-wall, the rear wall of said chamber extending up near the boiler and with it forming a narrow throat for the gases, and the inclined tile 0 and perforated plate F, arranged as described to close the top of said air-chamber.

2. In a-fnrnace of the character described, the combination of supporting-wall A, arched plate B, inclined plate 0, wall D, perforated plate F, and air-chamber E, all arranged substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

3. The combination, substantially as specifled, of the furnace, the air-chamber E, located at rear of wall A, and inclined tile 0, with the pivoted plate F, closing the top of said airchamber, and plate B, to deflect the gases in contact with the air passing from said chamber into the furnace, all arranged substantially as described.

WILLIAM J. ONEAL.

Witnesses:

J. 0. BOONE,

GEO. J.'MURRAY. 

